1시제의 일치: 주절의 시제와 종속절(주로 명사절)의 시제 사이에는
일정한 관계가 있으며, 이 관계를 따르는 것
1)주절의 동사: 현재[현.완, 미래]-->모든 시제
I think that he is[was/ will be/ has been] good.
2)주절의 동사: 과거[과.완]
주절 종속절
현재-->과거 현재-->과거
will-->would
can-->could
may-->might
must-->must/ had to
현.완-->과.완
과-->과.완
I think that he is busy.--> I thought that he was busy.
I know that he has been busy.--> I knew that he had been busy.
3)종속절의 조동사:
must, would, could, should, might, ought to-->그대로
must(...해야만 한다)--> had to로
It is necessary that he should go.
-->It was necessary that he should go.
I think you must publish it.
-->I thought you must( had to ) publish it.
2 시제 일치의 예외
1)일반적 진리: 항상 현재형
He proved that the earth goes round the sun.
2)현재의 사실, 습관: 항상 현재형
He said that he gets up at six every morning.
3)역사상의 사실: 항상 과거형
We learned that World War II ended in 1945.
4)가정법: 주절의 시제가 변해도 가장법의 시제는 불변
I wish I had a car.--> I wished I had a car.
5)비교의 종속절: 주절이 과거라도 다른 시제 가능
It was not so big as it is today.
3 문제
1-4)( )안의 동사를 문맥에 맞게 고쳐라.
1)He hoped he ( can ) get there on time.
2)I wish I knew Sue's telephone number.
-->Tom said he wished he ( know ) Sue's telephone number.
3)He came sooner then I ( expect ).
4)He spoke English as fluently as you ( do ) now.
5-6)어법상 잘못된 곳을 고쳐라.
5)We learned at school that Shakespear had been born in 1564.
6)When Tom came home, he wondered where he left his bag.