1관계대명사의 역할과 종류
1)관계대명사:접속사+ 대명사의 역할.
This is the house and I live in the house.
This is the house which I live in.
선행사 관.대 (형용사절)
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2)관계대명사의 종류와 선행사
|
선행사 격 |
사 람 |
사물, 동물 |
사람,동물,사물 |
선행사 포함 |
|
주 격 |
who |
which |
that |
what |
|
소 유 격 |
whose |
whose, of which |
--- |
--- |
|
목 적 격 |
whom |
which |
that |
what |
3)예문
(1)This is the boy who likes English very much.
(2)This is the boy whom I like very much.
(3)This is the boy whose mother is a famous pianist.
(4)I have a book which is very interesting.
(5)I have a book that is very interesting.
(6)This is what I wanted very much.
2.한정적, 계속적 용법
1)한정적 용법: 선행사를 직접 수식. 뒤에서부터 ...하는 ~로 해석.
She has two sons [who became doctors.]
2)계속적 용법: 관계대명사 앞에 comma(,)가 있고 접속사+대명사로 바 꿔 쓸 수 있음. 선행사 보충 설명. that, what은 계속적 용법이 없음.
She has two sons, who[=and they] became doctors.
We trust him, who[=for he] is very honest.
3.관계대명사의 생략
1)타동사나 전치사의 목적격. 단 계속적 용법인 경우나 전치사가 바로 앞에 있는 경우 생략 불가.
This is the boy (whom) we met yesterday.
He has no friend (whom) he can depend on.
2)명사+관계대명사+be동사+ 현재분사[과거분사]의 경우 관계대명사+be
I got a letter (which is) written in English.
4.전치사+관계대명사
1)관계대명사가 전치사의 목적어인 경우 전치사를 관계대명사 앞에 써도 되고, 뒤에 둬도 됨.
This is the house in which he was born.
=This is the house (which) he was born in.
2)관계대명사 that은 전치사와 나란히 못씀.
This is the house in that he was born.(X)
This is the house that he was born in.(O)
5.관계대명사 that: 선행사가 all, any, every, no, the same, the first, the last 및 형용사의 최상급, 선행사가 사람.동물.사물을 포함할 때, 선행사 가 who인 경우.
1)He is the only friend that I have.
2)Look at the man and the dog that are running over there.
3)Who that knows him will believe it?
6.관계대명사 what
1)자체 속에 선행사를 포함한 관계대명사.
=the thing which
He gave me what he had found.
=He gave me the thing which he had found.
2)주어, 목적어, 보어가 됨.
(1)What is done cannot be undone.
(2)I gave him what I had.
(3)Those are what you have to buy.
7.문제
1)다음 각 문장의 괄호 안에 적당한 관계대명사를 쓰시오.
(1)The girl ( ) I met yesterday is Jane.
(2)Is this the picture ( ) you painted?
(3)I found a house ( ) walls were all white.
(4)This is the longest bridge ( ) I have ever seen.
(5)I gave her ( ) she wanted.
(6)He lost his health, ( ) was the cause of his early death.
(7)The boy ( ) is playing tennis with Tom is Jack.
(8)The house which he lives ( ) is not so large.
(9)This is the book ( ) which I spoke.
(10)This hotel is the best one I stayed ( ).
2)두 번째 문장을 형용사절로하여 두 문장을 한 문장으로 만드시오.
(1)That is the boy. He will help you.
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(2)I met a great actress. Her name was Taylor.
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(3)Tomorrow I'll visit the City Museum. I have never been to it.
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(4)The book was very funny. You bought it for me yesterday.
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3)두 문장의 의미차이에 유의하여 다음을 우리말로 옮기시오.
(1)(a)Do you know who broke this dish?
(b)Do you know the boy who broke this dish?
(2)(a)I know whose cap this is.
(b)I know the boy whose cap is blue.
(3)(a)I asked him what he wanted.
(b)I gave him what he wanted.
4)다음 문장중 생략된 관계대명사를 그 자리에 쓰시오.
(1)The man you see over there is my uncle.
(2)He has found the key I lost yesterday.
(3)Is there anything I can do for you?